// ActionScript 1 and 2
trace(Number("010")); // 8 
 

// ActionScript 3
trace(Number("010")); // 10 
 

trace(parseInt("010", 8)); // 8 
 

var a:Object = new Object(); // new Object in memory given reference count of 1
var b:Object = a; // Object now has reference count of 2 
 

delete a; // Object has reference count of 1
delete b; // Object has reference count of 0, removed from memory 
 

var a:Object = new Object(); // reference(a) count 1
var b:Object = new Object(); // reference(b) count 1
a.b = b; // reference(b) count 2
b.a = a; // reference(a) count 2
delete a; // reference(a) count 1
delete b; // reference(b) count 1 
 

var dict:Dictionary = new Dictionary(true); // use weak references as keys 
 

var obj:Object = new Object();
dict[obj] = true;
delete obj; // obj can be garbage collected since the dict reference isnt counted 
 

// addEventListener(type:String, listener:Function, useCapture:Boolean = false, priority:int = 0, useWeakReference:Boolean = false):void 
addEventListener(MouseEvent.CLICK, clickHandler, false, 0 true); // use weak references 
 

// create instance of RomeImage bitmap data
var romeImageData:RomeImage = new RomeImage();

// create a bitmap instance that references the RomeImage instance
var romeImageBitmap:Bitmap = new Bitmap(romeImageData);

// add the new bitmap to the display list
addChild(romeImageBitmap);

// AS1 & AS2
trace(typeof new XML()); // object

trace(typeof my_mc); // movieclip

trace(typeof null); // null

trace(typeof true); // boolean
trace(typeof 1); // number
trace(typeof ""); // string

trace(typeof new Boolean()); // object
trace(typeof new Number()); // object
trace(typeof new String()); // object 
 

// AS3
trace(typeof new XML()); // xml

trace(typeof my_mc); // object

trace(typeof null); // object

trace(typeof true); // boolean
trace(typeof 1); // number
trace(typeof ""); // string

trace(typeof new Boolean()); // boolean
trace(typeof new Number()); // number
trace(typeof new String()); // string

trace(typeof int(1)); // number
trace(typeof uint(1)); // number 
 

var sprite:Sprite = new Sprite();
sprite.graphics.beginFill(0x999999);
sprite.graphics.lineStyle(10, 0x333);
sprite.graphics.drawCircle(100, 100, 50);
sprite.graphics.endFill();
addChild(sprite);

addChild(createRectShape(sprite.getRect(this), 0xFF00FF));
addChild(createRectShape(sprite.getBounds(this), 0xFF0000));

function createRectShape(rect:Rectangle, color:uint):Shape {
    var rectShape:Shape = new Shape();
    rectShape.graphics.lineStyle(0, color);
    rectShape.graphics.drawRect(rect.left, rect.top, rect.width, rect.height);
    return rectShape;
}

var object:Object = new Object();
object.name = "senocular";
object.id = 2867;
object.isModerator = true;
for each (var value:* in object){
    trace(value);
}
/* Output:
true
2867
senocular
*/

var object:Object = new Object();
object.name = "senocular";
object.id = 2867;
object.isModerator = true;
for (var key:String in object){
    trace(key + ": " + object[key]); // object[key] is value
}
/* Output:
isModerator: true
id: 2867
name: senocular
*/

var array:Array = new Array();
array[1] = 1;
array[0] = 2;
array[2] = 3;
for (var key:String in array){
    trace("array[" + key + "] = "+ array[key]);
}

function method(required:String, optional:String = "default"):void {
    trace(required +" "+optional);
}
method("Hello"); // "Hello default" 
 

// Incorrect:
function method(required:String = "default", optional:String):void { ...

function usingRest(required:Number, ... optionalArgs):void {
    trace(required); // 1
    trace(optionalArgs); // [2, 3, 4]
}
usingRest(1, 2, 3, 4);

function args(str:String, num:Number):void {
    trace(arguments);
}
args("a", 1); // ["a", 1] 
 

package {
    
    public class UsingNameSpaces {
        
        public namespace company;
        public namespace individual;
        
        company var value:int = 10;
        individual var value:int = 2;
        
        public function UsingNameSpaces(){
        }
        
        company function showValue() {
        }
        
        individual function showValue() {
        }
    }
}

package {
    
    public class UsingNameSpaces {
        
        public namespace company = "http://www.example.com/company";
        public namespace individual = "http://www.example.com/individual";
        
        company var value:int = 10;
        individual var value:int = 2;
        
        public function UsingNameSpaces(){
        }
        
        company function showValue() {
        }
        
        individual function showValue() {
        }
    }
}

package {
    
    public class UsingNameSpaces {
        
        public namespace company = "http://www.example.com/company";
        public namespace individual = "http://www.example.com/individual";
        
        company var value:int = 10;
        individual var value:int = 2;
        
        public function UsingNameSpaces(){
            company::showValue(); // traces 10
            individual::showValue(); // traces 2
        }
        
        company function showValue() {
            trace(company::value);
        }
        
        individual function showValue() {
            trace(individual::value);
        }
    }
}

package {
   
    public namespace company = "http://www.example.com/company";
    public namespace individual = "http://www.example.com/individual";
    public class UsingNameSpaces { ... }
}

// superclass.as
dynamic class superclass {
}

// subclass.as
class subclass extends superclass {
}

// main movie
var instance:subclass = new subclass();
trace(instance.anything); // ok since subclass inherited dynamic 
 

// superclass.as
package {
    dynamic class superclass {
    }
}

// subclass.as
package {
    class subclass extends superclass {
    }
}

// main movie
var instance:subclass = new subclass();
trace(instance.anything); // error, property not defined (not dynamic) 
 

// methods managing mouseWithin
private function addMouseWithin(event:MouseEvent):void {
    addEventListener(Event.ENTER_FRAME, mouseWithin);
}
private function removeMouseWithin(event:MouseEvent):void {
    removeEventListener(Event.ENTER_FRAME, mouseWithin);
}
private function mouseWithin(event:Event):void {
    dispatchEvent(new MouseEvent("mouseWithin"));
}

// in constructor
public function MySpriteClass() {
    addEventListener(MouseEvent.MOUSE_OVER, addMouseWithin);
    addEventListener(MouseEvent.MOUSE_OUT, removeMouseWithin);
}

addEventListener("mouseWithin", mouseWithinHandler);

final public function methodName() { 
    // your statements here 
}

package{ 
    final public class ClassName {
        // your statements here 
    }
}

package {
    [SWF(width="500", height="450", frameRate="24", backgroundColor="#FFFFFF")]
    public class MyApp extends Sprite {

    }
}

trace("PI" in Math);         // true
trace("myProperty" in Math); // false