package {
    
    import flash.utils.Proxy;
    import flash.utils.flash_proxy;
    
    dynamic public class CustomObject extends Proxy {
        
        public var classProperty:String = "classProperty"; // generic class variable
        private var customProperties:Object = new Object(); // store custom variables
        
        public function CustomObject() {
        }
        
        // called when getting dynamic variables
        override flash_proxy function getProperty(name:*):* {
            if (name in customProperties) {
                return customProperties[name];
            }
            return "Property does not exist";
        }
        // called when setting dynamic variables
        override flash_proxy function setProperty(name:*, value:*):void {
            customProperties[name] = "Property "+name+": "+value;
        }
    }
}

// usage example
var myObj:CustomObject = new CustomObject();
trace(myObj.foo); // Property does not exist
myObj.foo = "bar";
trace(myObj.foo); // Property foo: bar

trace(myObj.classProperty); // classProperty
myObj.classProperty = "bar";
trace(myObj.classProperty); // bar 
 

// my_mc is the instance name of a movie clip
// created on this timeline
trace(my_mc); // [object MovieClip]
trace(my_mc.name); // my_mc

// create a new movie clip via AS
// add it to my_mc
var another_mc:MovieClip = new MovieClip();
another_mc.name = "child_mc";
my_mc.addChild(another_mc);

// instance name not available in parent timeline
trace(another_mc);  // [object MovieClip]
trace(my_mc.child_mc); // undefined
trace(my_mc.another_mc); // undefined 
 

trace(my_mc.getChildByName("child_mc"));  // [object MovieClip]); 
 

my_mc.another_mc = new MovieClip();
my_mc.another_mc.name = "child_mc";
my_mc.addChild(my_mc.another_mc);

trace(another_mc);  // [object MovieClip]
trace(my_mc.another_mc); // ??? 
 

var myXML:XML = <foo>
    <foo bar="bar1" />
    <foo bar="bar2" />
    <foo bar="bar3" />
</foo>;

trace(myXML.foo.@bar.toXMLString());
/* Output:
bar1
bar2
bar3
*/
trace(myXML.foo.@bar is XMLList); // true 
 

trace(myXML.foo[0].@bar is XMLList); // true 
 

trace(myXML.foo[0].@bar[0] is XML); // true 
 

var myXML:XML = <foo>
    <foo />
</foo>;
trace(myXML.foo is XMLList); // true 
 

package {
    
    import flash.display.Sprite;

    public class MyClass extends Sprite {

        public const MY_CONSTANT:String = "constant";

        public function MyClass () {
        }
    }
}

package {
    
    import flash.display.Sprite;

    public class MyClass extends Sprite {

        public const MY_CONSTANT:Array = new Array(1,2,3);

        public function MyClass () {
            MY_CONSTANT.push(4); // ok
            MY_CONSTANT = new Array(5,6,7); // error
        }
    }
}

package com.senocular.display {
    
    import flash.display.DisplayObject;
    import flash.geom.Rectangle;
    
    /**
     * duplicateDisplayObject
     * creates a duplicate of the DisplayObject passed.
     * similar to duplicateMovieClip in AVM1
     * @param target the display object to duplicate
     * @param autoAdd if true, adds the duplicate to the display list
     * in which target was located
     * @return a duplicate instance of target
     */
    public function duplicateDisplayObject(target:DisplayObject, autoAdd:Boolean = false):DisplayObject {
        // create duplicate
        var targetClass:Class = target.constructor;
        var duplicate:DisplayObject = new targetClass();
        
        // duplicate properties
        duplicate.transform = target.transform;
        duplicate.filters = target.filters;
        duplicate.cacheAsBitmap = target.cacheAsBitmap;
        duplicate.opaqueBackground = target.opaqueBackground;
        if (target.scale9Grid) {
            var rect:Rectangle = target.scale9Grid;
            // Flash 9 bug where returned scale9Grid is 20x larger than assigned
            rect.x /= 20, rect.y /= 20, rect.width /= 20, rect.height /= 20;
            duplicate.scale9Grid = rect;
        }
        
        // add to target parent's display list
        // if autoAdd was provided as true
        if (autoAdd && target.parent) {
            target.parent.addChild(duplicate);
        }
        return duplicate;
    }
}

import com.senocular.display.duplicateDisplayObject;

// create duplicate and assign to newInstance variable
// using true for autoAdd automatically adds the newInstance
// into the display list where myOldSprite is located
var newInstance:Sprite = duplicateDisplayObject(myOldSprite, true);
newInstance.x += 100; // shift to see duplicate 
 

package {
    
    import flash.utils.Proxy;
    import flash.utils.flash_proxy;
    
    dynamic public class CustomObject extends Proxy {
        
        private var variables:Object = new Object(); // stores variables
        
        public function CustomObject() {
        }
        
        // called when calling dynamic methods
        override flash_proxy function callProperty(name:*, ... args):* {
            
            // convert name into string
            name = String(name);
            
            var callType:String = name.slice(0,3); // get or set
            var callVariable:String = name.slice(3); // variable name behind get or set
            
            switch(callType) {
                
                case 'get':
                    // if get, get from variables object if exists
                    if (callVariable in variables) {
                        return variables[callVariable];
                    }
                    return null;
                    
                case 'set':
                    // if set assign to variables object
                    variables[callVariable] = args[0];
            }
        }
    }
}

// usage example
var myObj:CustomObject = new CustomObject();
trace(myObj.getMyVar()); // null
myObj.setMyVar("foo");
trace(myObj.getMyVar()); // foo
myObj.setMyVar("bar");
trace(myObj.getMyVar()); // bar
trace(myObj.MyVar); // doesnt exist (get property error) 
 

package com.senocular.display {
    
    import flash.display.Graphics;
    import flash.utils.flash_proxy;
    import flash.utils.Proxy;
    
    /**
     * a graphics property substitute for DisplayObject instances
     * that can be duplicated
     */
    public class GraphicsCopy extends Proxy {
        
        private var _graphics:Graphics;
        private var history:Array = new Array();
        
        /**
         * graphics instance to recieve
         * drawing commands given to this GraphicsCopy instance
         */
        public function get graphics():Graphics {
            return _graphics;
        }
        public function set graphics(g:Graphics):void {
            _graphics = g;
            
            // apply the graphics history to Graphics instance
            copy(this);
        }
        
        /**
         * constructor
         * @param graphics Optional Graphics instance to recieve
         * drawing commands given to this GraphicsCopy instance
         */
        public function GraphicsCopy(graphics:Graphics = null) {
            _graphics = graphics;
        }
        
        /**
         * copies the graphics of a GraphicsCopy into this GraphicsCopy
         */
        public function copy(graphicsCopy:GraphicsCopy):void {
            var hist:Array = graphicsCopy.history;
            history = hist.slice();
            if (_graphics) {
                var i:int;
                var n:int = hist.length;
                _graphics.clear();
                for (i=0; i<n; i += 2) {
                    _graphics[hist[i]].apply(_graphics, hist[i + 1]);
                }
            }
        }
        
        // PROXY overrides
        override flash_proxy function callProperty(methodName:*, ... args):* {
            methodName = String(methodName);
            switch(methodName) {
                case "clear":
                    history.length = 0;
                    break;
                default:
                    history.push(methodName, args);
            }
            if (_graphics && methodName in _graphics) {
                return _graphics[methodName].apply(_graphics, args);
            }
        }
    }
}

// MyClass.as Shape class using GraphicsCopy
package {
    
    import flash.display.Shape;
    import com.senocular.display.GraphicsCopy;
    
    class MyShape extends Shape {
        
        // graphicsCopy property
        private var _graphicsCopy:GraphicsCopy;
        public function get graphicsCopy():GraphicsCopy {
            return _graphicsCopy;
        }
        
        // constructor
        function MyShape(){
            _graphicsCopy = new GraphicsCopy(graphics);
        }
    }
}

// in Flash
// draw shape 1
var shape1:MyShape = new MyShape();
shape1.graphicsCopy.beginFill(0xFF80);
shape1.graphicsCopy.lineStyle(2, 0);
shape1.graphicsCopy.drawRect(0, 0, 50, 50);

// draw shape2 using shape1's copied drawing
var shape2:MyShape = new MyShape();
shape2.graphicsCopy.copy(shape1.graphicsCopy);

// add to display list
addChild(shape1);
addChild(shape2);
shape2.x += 100;

package {
    import flash.display.Sprite;
    public class stage_test extends Sprite {
        public function stage_test() {
            var myClass:MyClass =  new MyClass();
        }
    }
}

import flash.display.Stage;
import flash.display.Sprite;
    
class MyClass {
    public var stage:Stage = (new Sprite()).stage;
    public function MyClass():void {
        trace(stage);
    }
}

var my_tf = new TextField();
my_tf.text = "Hello";
my_tf.appendText(" world!");  // my_tf.text == "Hello world!" 
 

include "scripts/myscript.as"

// ActionScript 1 and 2  
var i:Number = 1;
var i:String = 2;

// ActionScript 3  
var i:Number = 1;
var i:String = 2; // ERROR: duplicate definition or undefined property 
 

// ActionScript 3 INCORRECT
// (but works in AS1 and AS2)
if (my_btn.enabled == true) {
    var returnValue:Number = 1;
}else{
    var returnValue:Number = 0;
}
if (provideAsString == true) {
    var returnValue:String = "1";
}else{
    var returnValue:String = "0";
}

// ActionScript 3 CORRECT
var returnValueNum:Number;
var returnValueStr:String;
if (my_btn.enabled == true) {
    returnValueNum = 1;
}else{
    returnValueNum = 0;
}
if (provideAsString == true) {
    returnValueStr = "1";
}else{
    returnValueStr = "0";
}

// ActionScript 3 ALSO OK
var returnValue:*
if (my_btn.enabled == true) {
    returnValue = 1;
}else{
    returnValue = 0;
}
if (provideAsString == true) {
    returnValue = "1";
}else{
    returnValue = "0";
}

function createCircle(name:String = ""):DisplayObject {
    var circle:Sprite = new Sprite();
    circle.name = name;
    circle.graphics.lineStyle(0);
    circle.graphics.beginFill(0xFF8080);
    circle.graphics.drawCircle(50, 50, 50);
    return circle;
}

circle1 = createCircle("circle 1");
circle2 = createCircle("circle 2");
circle2.x += 25;

addChild(circle1);
addChild(circle2);

circle1.addEventListener(MouseEvent.MOUSE_DOWN, click);
circle2.addEventListener(MouseEvent.MOUSE_DOWN, click);

function click(e) {
    trace(e.target.name + " clicked."); // trace name
    
    // disable and re-enable circle2 with each click
    circle2.mouseEnabled = !circle2.mouseEnabled;
}

spriteInstance.mouseChildren = false;

// main button
var spriteButton:Sprite = new Sprite();
spriteButton.name = "spriteButton";
spriteButton.mouseChildren = true;

// graphics
var spriteGraphics:Sprite = new Sprite();
spriteGraphics.name = "spriteGraphics";
spriteGraphics.graphics.beginFill(0x4080A0);
spriteGraphics.graphics.drawCircle(50, 50, 25);

// add to display list
spriteButton.addChild(spriteGraphics);
addChild(spriteButton);

// events
spriteButton.addEventListener(MouseEvent.CLICK, click);
function click(evt:MouseEvent):void {
    trace(evt.target.name);
}

// main button
var spriteButton:Sprite = new Sprite();
spriteButton.name = "spriteButton";

// graphics
var spriteGraphics1:Sprite = createGraphics("spriteGraphics1", 0xFF, 50, 50, 25);
var spriteGraphics2:Sprite = createGraphics("spriteGraphics2", 0x80, 50, 50, 15);

// add to display list
spriteButton.addChild(spriteGraphics1);
spriteButton.addChild(spriteGraphics2);
addChild(spriteButton);

// events
spriteButton.addEventListener(MouseEvent.ROLL_OVER, over);
spriteButton.addEventListener(MouseEvent.ROLL_OUT, out);
//~spriteButton.addEventListener(MouseEvent.MOUSE_OVER, over);
//~spriteButton.addEventListener(MouseEvent.MOUSE_OUT, out);

function over(evt:MouseEvent):void {
    trace("over: " + evt.target.name);
}
function out(evt:MouseEvent):void {
    trace("out: " + evt.target.name);
}

// create circles
function createGraphics(name:String, color:uint, x:Number, y:Number, radius:Number):Sprite {
    var circle:Sprite = new Sprite();
    circle.name = name;
    circle.graphics.beginFill(color);
    circle.graphics.drawCircle(x, y, radius);
    return circle;
}

var king:Sprite = new Sprite();
var queen:Sprite = new Sprite();
var jack:Sprite = new Sprite();
var joker:Sprite = new Sprite();

queen.addChild(jack);
king.addChild(queen